{"id":34675,"date":"2018-11-04T09:01:59","date_gmt":"2018-11-04T13:01:59","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/swling.com\/blog\/?p=34675"},"modified":"2018-11-06T12:49:29","modified_gmt":"2018-11-06T16:49:29","slug":"sdr-primer-part-3-from-high-end-sdr-receivers-to-sdr-transceivers","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/swling.com\/blog\/2018\/11\/sdr-primer-part-3-from-high-end-sdr-receivers-to-sdr-transceivers\/","title":{"rendered":"SDR Primer Part 3: From High-End SDR Receivers to SDR Transceivers"},"content":{"rendered":"<p><a href=\"https:\/\/swling.com\/blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/2018\/05\/2018-Hamvention-Photos-Sunday-58-of-83.jpg\"><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" class=\"aligncenter size-full wp-image-32371\" src=\"https:\/\/swling.com\/blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/2018\/05\/2018-Hamvention-Photos-Sunday-58-of-83.jpg\" alt=\"\" width=\"800\" height=\"530\" srcset=\"https:\/\/swling.com\/blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/2018\/05\/2018-Hamvention-Photos-Sunday-58-of-83.jpg 800w, https:\/\/swling.com\/blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/2018\/05\/2018-Hamvention-Photos-Sunday-58-of-83-300x199.jpg 300w, https:\/\/swling.com\/blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/2018\/05\/2018-Hamvention-Photos-Sunday-58-of-83-768x509.jpg 768w, https:\/\/swling.com\/blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/2018\/05\/2018-Hamvention-Photos-Sunday-58-of-83-624x413.jpg 624w\" sizes=\"auto, (max-width: 800px) 100vw, 800px\" \/><\/a><\/p>\n<p><strong><em>The following article originally appeared\u00a0in the\u00a0<a href=\"https:\/\/www.thespectrummonitor.com\/october2018.aspx\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">October 2018 issue of The Spectrum Monitor magazine<\/a>:<\/em><\/strong><\/p>\n<hr \/>\n<h2>Welcome back to the world of SDRs once again<\/h2>\n<p>In September we began of our three-part Primer on Software-Defined Radios (SDRs). <strong><a href=\"https:\/\/swling.com\/blog\/2018\/09\/software-defined-radio-primer-part-1-introduction-to-sdrs-and-sdr-applications\/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">Part One\u00a0(September)<\/a>\u00a0<\/strong>focused on the nomenclature and components of a functioning SDR system; <a href=\"https:\/\/swling.com\/blog\/2018\/10\/sdr-primer-part-2-exploring-the-world-of-sdrs-for-200-or-less\/\"><strong>Part Two (October)<\/strong><\/a> took a look at some affordable SDR station options that will propel you into the world of SDRs for less than $200 US. This month, in <strong>Part Three<\/strong>\u2013\u2013our final installation\u2013\u2013we\u2019ll dive a little deeper into the SDR rabbit hole, and investigate higher-end SDRs as well as ham radio transceivers with embedded SDRs.<\/p>\n<h2>Investing in SDR hardware<\/h2>\n<p>As we mentioned <a href=\"https:\/\/swling.com\/blog\/2018\/10\/sdr-primer-part-2-exploring-the-world-of-sdrs-for-200-or-less\/\">in Part 2<\/a> of our primer, gaining entry into the world of SDRs can be quite affordable. With merely $200 or less, you can fully explore the radio spectrum with an SDR that has truly excellent performance characteristics.<\/p>\n<p>So, why <i>would<\/i> you pay more?<\/p>\n<p>Let\u2019s consider this. \u00a0If, say, you happen to live in an RF-dense environment, such as a busy city, if you live near strong broadcaster(s), and\/or if you\u2019re a DXer who\u2019s seeking benchmark performance, then you might wish to devote a little more of your cash to your SDR hardware.<\/p>\n<p>When you pay more for an SDR, the additional cost is typically going toward the <i>hardware <\/i>rather than the software. Indeed, my favorite SDR (software) applications are absolutely free, and pair with a number of benchmark SDRs. But good hardware is vital to performance. The lineup of SDRs\u2013\u2013that is, the receiver hardware\u2013\u2013discussed below typically has better filtering, preselectors, shielding, and receiver architecture focused on HF <i>performance.<\/i> They also tend to offer a more robust front end, lower noise floor, and better dynamic range. All of this, of course, results in better performance overall. Some of these SDRs also offer unique specialty features, like built-in web servers.<\/p>\n<p>The following SDRs are carefully hand selected, and in my view, represent a balance between price and performance. And again, this is by no means a comprehensive list; it\u2019s simply a selection of what you\u2019ll find currently available on the SDR market.<\/p>\n<p>So, without further ado, we\u2019ll begin our discussion with \u201cblack box\u201d SDRs, then move on to \u00a0SDR transceivers and transceivers with embedded SDRs.<\/p>\n<h2>SDRplay RSPduo<\/h2>\n<div id=\"attachment_32061\" style=\"width: 635px\" class=\"wp-caption aligncenter\"><a href=\"https:\/\/swling.com\/blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/2018\/05\/SDRplay-RSPduo-Antenna-ports.jpg\"><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" aria-describedby=\"caption-attachment-32061\" class=\"size-large wp-image-32061\" src=\"https:\/\/swling.com\/blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/2018\/05\/SDRplay-RSPduo-Antenna-ports-1024x768.jpg\" alt=\"\" width=\"625\" height=\"469\" srcset=\"https:\/\/swling.com\/blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/2018\/05\/SDRplay-RSPduo-Antenna-ports-1024x768.jpg 1024w, https:\/\/swling.com\/blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/2018\/05\/SDRplay-RSPduo-Antenna-ports-300x225.jpg 300w, https:\/\/swling.com\/blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/2018\/05\/SDRplay-RSPduo-Antenna-ports-768x576.jpg 768w, https:\/\/swling.com\/blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/2018\/05\/SDRplay-RSPduo-Antenna-ports-624x468.jpg 624w, https:\/\/swling.com\/blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/2018\/05\/SDRplay-RSPduo-Antenna-ports.jpg 1048w\" sizes=\"auto, (max-width: 625px) 100vw, 625px\" \/><\/a><p id=\"caption-attachment-32061\" class=\"wp-caption-text\">The SDRplay RSPduo<\/p><\/div>\n<p>In May of this year (2018), the UK-based SDR designer and manufacturer SDRplay released their latest receiver: the <a href=\"https:\/\/www.sdrplay.com\/rspduo\/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\"><b>SDRplay RSPduo<\/b><\/a>.<\/p>\n<p>What sets this little black box apart from the competition is just what its name implies: \u00a0the duo is a <i>dual tuner<\/i> SDR. \u00a0In other words, it\u2019s two independent SDRs rolled into one.<\/p>\n<p>Being the price leader in the world of SDRs, SDRplay retails the RSPduo for $279.95. And, I must add, it\u2019s a true bargain for a feature-packed 14-bit high-performance device.<\/p>\n<p>The RSPduo\u2019s tuners can operate individually, anywhere between 1kHz and 2GHz, with up to 10MHz of working bandwidth. You could also set up the RSPduo so that both tuners can operate simultaneously, again between 1kHz and 2GHz, with up to 2MHz of bandwidth per tuner. The RSPduo has a high-stability reference along with external clocking features which makes this SDR an affordable option for industrial, scientific, as well as educational applications. It\u2019s housed in a quality steel enclosure.<\/p>\n<p>SDRplay\u2019s development team is already working on new features such as <i>true diversity reception, <\/i>which will be included as a free upgrade to their popular SDRuno proprietary application.<\/p>\n<p>To be clear, there is no other sub-$300 SDR on the market that currently has true dual-tuner functionality. Thus, the RSPduo is a good value, in my opinion\u2013\u2013and an inexpensive upgrade to a proper dual-receiver SDR\u2013\u2013so if this is something you\u2019d like to add to your shack, go ahead! \u00a0Bite the bullet, and acquire an RSPduo. Likely you won\u2019t regret it.<\/p>\n<p>Check out the RSPduo via:<\/p>\n<ul>\n<li><a href=\"https:\/\/www.sdrplay.com\/rspduo\/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">SDRplay<\/a><\/li>\n<li><a href=\"https:\/\/www.hamradio.com\/detail.cfm?pid=H0-016162\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">Ham Radio Outlet<\/a><\/li>\n<li><a href=\"https:\/\/www.sdrplay.com\/distributors\/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">Or click here for a full list of distributors<\/a><\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<h2>KiwiSDR<\/h2>\n<div id=\"attachment_21543\" style=\"width: 970px\" class=\"wp-caption aligncenter\"><a href=\"https:\/\/swling.com\/blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/2016\/09\/Mark-Fahey-Beagle-Kiwi-SDR.jpg\"><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" aria-describedby=\"caption-attachment-21543\" class=\"size-full wp-image-21543\" src=\"https:\/\/swling.com\/blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/2016\/09\/Mark-Fahey-Beagle-Kiwi-SDR.jpg\" alt=\"\" width=\"960\" height=\"720\" srcset=\"https:\/\/swling.com\/blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/2016\/09\/Mark-Fahey-Beagle-Kiwi-SDR.jpg 960w, https:\/\/swling.com\/blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/2016\/09\/Mark-Fahey-Beagle-Kiwi-SDR-300x225.jpg 300w, https:\/\/swling.com\/blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/2016\/09\/Mark-Fahey-Beagle-Kiwi-SDR-768x576.jpg 768w, https:\/\/swling.com\/blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/2016\/09\/Mark-Fahey-Beagle-Kiwi-SDR-624x468.jpg 624w\" sizes=\"auto, (max-width: 960px) 100vw, 960px\" \/><\/a><p id=\"caption-attachment-21543\" class=\"wp-caption-text\">Photo by Mark Fahey<\/p><\/div>\n<p>Like the RSPduo, the KiwiSDR has a unique feature that makes it stand out among the other receivers mentioned here: it is designed to be fully controlled via a web-browser-based SDR application. Not only can you use your KiwiSDR locally, but you can share it with the world via the KiwiSDR network. You can configure the KiwiSDR to allow up to eight simultaneous guest users, assuming only that you have access to the modest amount of Internet bandwidth this requires.<\/p>\n<p><a href=\"http:\/\/www.kiwisdr.com\/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">The KiwiSDR<\/a>\u00a0ships as a simple modular kit, and requires no special tools to assemble: the SDR is a custom circuit board (known as a \u201ccape\u201d) that you connect to BeagleBone Green or BeagleBone Black mini computer. (<a href=\"https:\/\/beagleboard.org\/bone\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">Click here to learn more about the BeagleBone<\/a>).<\/p>\n<p>The KiwiSDR is available in two versions: the SDR cape, alone, and a more complete version which includes the SDR cape, BeagleBone computer, enclosure, and GPS antenna. Both versions include all SDR software loaded on a micro-SD card.<\/p>\n<p>Although the KiwiSDR might sound like an experimenter\u2019s receiver since it requires a degree of assembly and configuration\u2013\u2013at least, a bit more so than the other units I review here\u2013\u2013it\u2019s actually fairly simple to assemble, install, and put on the air. In fact, the <i>only <\/i>challenge that you might face is that of setting up your router for global access to your KiwiSDR. It does require either a static IP address or (more commonly) an IP address forwarding service. <a href=\"http:\/\/kiwisdr.com\/quickstart\/index.html\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">Check out the support documentation in advance<\/a> to make sure your Internet connection will work.<\/p>\n<p>The KiwiSDR covers from 10 kHz to 30 MHz, thus is not a wideband receiver like the SDRduo. Like the SDRs that follow, it focuses its performance on HF and lower bands.<\/p>\n<p>I find it incredible that for just $299 US, you can purchase the full KiwiSDR kit\u2013\u2013one that includes <i>everything<\/i> you need to put your SDR on the air and online. Because of this, I believe the KiwiSDR has become the dominant web SDR platform currently on the market. Perhaps this remarkable fact overshadows the fact that the KiwiSDR is also a superb performer, touting a brilliant dynamic range as well as overall excellent sensitivity and selectivity.<\/p>\n<p>As my friend and fellow radio listener Mark Fahey, an early adopter of the KiwiSDR, is quick to point out, the KIwiSDR is unique in that it <i>doesn&#8217;t <\/i>connect to a PC or other computer to operate. It\u2019s a stand-alone: \u00a0just connect an antenna, DC supply, and network cable, then you\u2019re ready to go. All of the \u201cwork\u201d is delivered by the piggyback BeagleBone CPU.<\/p>\n<p>What\u2019s not to love? While the web-based SDR application is full-featured, it does lack spectrum recording and some other advanced controls. This is due to the relatively modest processing power of the onboard CPU. That said, The KiwiSDR application does contain features\/functionality via extensions that are fairly impressive.<\/p>\n<p>Additionally, when updates are rolled out for the KiwiSDr application, these take effect globally. Only recently, for example, audio recording and amazing TDoA (Time Distance of Arrival) functionality were added.<\/p>\n<p>Oh, and one more thing before we move on: the KiwiSDR is the <i>only <\/i>SDR I know that is exclusively controlled by a web-based SDR application for both the online guest <i>and<\/i> the local user\/owner. There is no separate downloadable application. \u00a0Thus, whether you\u2019re using your own local KiwiSDR or an online SDR, the user experience is <i>exactly the same<\/i>. It\u2019s seamless and user-friendly&#8230;just as it should be.<\/p>\n<p>Want to try the KiwiSDR before purchasing? Easy! You can browse and select any one of two hundred KiwiSDRs <a href=\"http:\/\/SDR.hu\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">online on SDR.hu<\/a>.<\/p>\n<p>Check out the KiwiSDR via:<\/p>\n<ul>\n<li><a href=\"https:\/\/www.seeedstudio.com\/s\/kiwisdr.html\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">Seeed Studio<\/a><\/li>\n<li><a href=\"https:\/\/amzn.to\/2F45J5C\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">Amazon.com<\/a> (affiliate link)<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<h2>ELAD FDM-S2\/FDM-S3<\/h2>\n<p><a href=\"https:\/\/swling.com\/blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/2014\/06\/Elad-FDM-S2-Coffee.jpg\"><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" class=\"aligncenter size-full wp-image-9978\" src=\"https:\/\/swling.com\/blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/2014\/06\/Elad-FDM-S2-Coffee.jpg\" alt=\"\" width=\"640\" height=\"480\" srcset=\"https:\/\/swling.com\/blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/2014\/06\/Elad-FDM-S2-Coffee.jpg 640w, https:\/\/swling.com\/blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/2014\/06\/Elad-FDM-S2-Coffee-300x225.jpg 300w, https:\/\/swling.com\/blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/2014\/06\/Elad-FDM-S2-Coffee-100x75.jpg 100w\" sizes=\"auto, (max-width: 640px) 100vw, 640px\" \/><\/a><\/p>\n<p>Italian-based SDR manufacturer, ELAD, has built a solid reputation over the years for truly pushing the SDR performance envelope in the $500-$1000 market.<\/p>\n<p>I have owned their <b>Elad FDM-S2<\/b> for four years now (check out my full review in the November 2014 issue of <i>The Spectrum Monitor<\/i>). The FDM-S2 continues to impress and to hold its own among more recent competitors\u2013\u2013a true indication of excellent engineering and hardware.<\/p>\n<p>The FDM-S2\u2019s frequency coverage is 9 kHz-52 MHz, 74-108 MHz, and 135-160 MHz. I should note here that besides being a great HF and mediumwave performer, the<b> FDM-S2 is an FM DXer\u2019s choice receiver;<\/b> FM performance on this rig is just superb.<\/p>\n<p>ELAD supports all of their SDRs with their own proprietary application which, of course, is designed to take full advantage of the SDR\u2019s available performance. The ELAD application is feature-packed and even includes built-in DRM decoding. Interestingly, it will allow the FDM-S2 to be used as <i>two<\/i> completely independent tuners in \u201cdouble DDC mode\u201d\u2013\u2013the working bandwidth of each tuner, in this case, is 384 kHz, and each can be placed within one of the FDM-S2\u2019s input ranges.<\/p>\n<p>In truth, I like pairing my FDM-S2 with the excellent (and free) SDR Console SDR application; I prefer its user interface and recording functionality over the ELAD application.<\/p>\n<p>If you live in an RF-dense area, you might consider one of ELADs external pre-selection filter systems to keep the FDM-S2 from overloading in the presence of very strong signals.<\/p>\n<p><a href=\"https:\/\/shop.elad-usa.com\/sdr-radio\/fdm-s2\/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">The FDM-S2 is currently priced at $529 US<\/a>.<\/p>\n<div id=\"attachment_32373\" style=\"width: 810px\" class=\"wp-caption aligncenter\"><a href=\"https:\/\/swling.com\/blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/2018\/05\/2018-Hamvention-Photos-Sunday-60-of-83.jpg\"><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" aria-describedby=\"caption-attachment-32373\" class=\"size-full wp-image-32373\" src=\"https:\/\/swling.com\/blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/2018\/05\/2018-Hamvention-Photos-Sunday-60-of-83.jpg\" alt=\"\" width=\"800\" height=\"530\" srcset=\"https:\/\/swling.com\/blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/2018\/05\/2018-Hamvention-Photos-Sunday-60-of-83.jpg 800w, https:\/\/swling.com\/blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/2018\/05\/2018-Hamvention-Photos-Sunday-60-of-83-300x199.jpg 300w, https:\/\/swling.com\/blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/2018\/05\/2018-Hamvention-Photos-Sunday-60-of-83-768x509.jpg 768w, https:\/\/swling.com\/blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/2018\/05\/2018-Hamvention-Photos-Sunday-60-of-83-624x413.jpg 624w\" sizes=\"auto, (max-width: 800px) 100vw, 800px\" \/><\/a><p id=\"caption-attachment-32373\" class=\"wp-caption-text\">Photo of the new ELAD FDM-S3 from the 2018 Hamvention<\/p><\/div>\n<p>Note that ELAD will soon be releasing the newest addition to their product line: the <b>FDM-S3<\/b>. I know very little about the FDM-S3, but I do know ELAD is promising groundbreaking performance and dynamic range, setting a new benchmark for the $1000 price bracket. We do know the FDM-S3\u2019s processing bandwidth is an impressive 24.576 MHz\u2013\u2013wide enough to include the <i>entire<\/i> FM broadcast band!<\/p>\n<p>I\u2019m not sure if FM DXers will be able to take advantage of spectrum recording at a 24 MHz bandwidth, because I suspect it could push 24GB of data per minute. The FDM-S3 may well keep up, but I\u2019m not sure the typical computer hardware can handle that kind of data transfer&#8230;it may be likened to, in radio terms, drinking from the proverbial fire hose!<\/p>\n<p>However: ELAD will be sending me a loaner FDM-S3 to review in the coming months, so stay tuned for more on this DXer\u2019s dream rig!<\/p>\n<p>The current FDM-S3 price, by the way, is 949.90 EUR.<\/p>\n<h2>WinRadio Excalibur<\/h2>\n<div id=\"attachment_4627\" style=\"width: 360px\" class=\"wp-caption alignright\"><a href=\"https:\/\/swling.com\/blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/2012\/10\/g31ddc-350.jpg\"><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" aria-describedby=\"caption-attachment-4627\" class=\"size-full wp-image-4627\" src=\"https:\/\/swling.com\/blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/2012\/10\/g31ddc-350.jpg\" alt=\"\" width=\"350\" height=\"209\" srcset=\"https:\/\/swling.com\/blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/2012\/10\/g31ddc-350.jpg 350w, https:\/\/swling.com\/blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/2012\/10\/g31ddc-350-300x179.jpg 300w, https:\/\/swling.com\/blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/2012\/10\/g31ddc-350-100x59.jpg 100w\" sizes=\"auto, (max-width: 350px) 100vw, 350px\" \/><\/a><p id=\"caption-attachment-4627\" class=\"wp-caption-text\">The WinRadio Excalibur<\/p><\/div>\n<p>My first foray into the world of benchmark SDRs was made with the Australian-made <a href=\"http:\/\/www.winradio.com\/home\/g31ddc.htm\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\"><b>WinRadio WR-G31DDC Excalibur<\/b><\/a>. And although this SDR has been on the market for the better part of a decade, it still outperforms many of its competitors.The Excalibur\u2019s frequency range is 9 kHz to 49.995 MHz, providing absolutely stellar performance across the spectrum.<\/p>\n<p>It\u2019s a favorite SDR in my radio shack, despite the fact that it can only be fully controlled by WinRadio\u2019s own proprietary SDR application (at least, I know of no other compatible applications). On the plus side, the WinRadio application is one of my favorites.<\/p>\n<p>The application\u2019s file size is extremely compact\u2013\u2013only a 9MB download. The user interface is logical, ergonomic, and responsive. Other than SDR Console, it has some of the best recording functionality available today.<\/p>\n<p>I\u2019ve logged more airtime with the Excalibur than with any other SDR I own, mainly because of its superb overall performance, responsive application, and recording functionality. I use the Excalibur as a benchmark for receiver evaluations and find that very few can match its solid performance.<\/p>\n<p>The WinRadio Excalibur can be purchased through a number of distributors worldwide for about $950.<\/p>\n<h2>Enablia TitanSDR Pro<\/h2>\n<p><a href=\"https:\/\/swling.com\/blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/2015\/05\/TitanSDRPro-2-e1432986585271.jpg\"><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" class=\"aligncenter size-large wp-image-13397\" src=\"https:\/\/swling.com\/blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/2015\/05\/TitanSDRPro-2-e1432986585271-1024x379.jpg\" alt=\"\" width=\"625\" height=\"231\" srcset=\"https:\/\/swling.com\/blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/2015\/05\/TitanSDRPro-2-e1432986585271-1024x379.jpg 1024w, https:\/\/swling.com\/blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/2015\/05\/TitanSDRPro-2-e1432986585271-300x111.jpg 300w, https:\/\/swling.com\/blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/2015\/05\/TitanSDRPro-2-e1432986585271.jpg 1025w\" sizes=\"auto, (max-width: 625px) 100vw, 625px\" \/><\/a><\/p>\n<p>The <b>Enablia Titan SDR Pro<\/b> is an outlier product in our SDR Primer series, in that it retails in excess of $2,000. However, it\u2019s the highest performing SDR I\u2019ve ever tested. Serious weak-signal DXers will likely be quite pleased with this rig.<\/p>\n<p>And speaking as a radio archivist, the Titan has<i> the most powerful set of audio and spectrum recording features I\u2019ve used,<\/i> to date. Selectable spectrum recordings can be made from within the wide working bandwidth, and it can run up to four fully-independent SDR receivers, simultaneously.<\/p>\n<p>The Titan comes with 16 frequency preselectors onboard, and a 9 kHz to 32 MHz frequency coverage. Its front end is simply bullet-proof, and thus could be operated in a demanding RF environment.<\/p>\n<p>The TitanSDR ships with a brilliant proprietary application. It\u2019s designed to make managing the Titan\u2019s multiple virtual receivers and four independent SDR receivers as straightforward (and easy!) as possible. As I said in my review, Enablia engineers quite successfully accomplished this. The only downside is that only the TitanSDR application can run only the TitanSDR; no other third-party apps work with it. In addition, when making spectrum recordings, the file format is unique and the header information is actually stored in a separate file. This means when you are transferring a set of spectrum recordings, the header file must also be accounted for.<\/p>\n<p>Of course, there is the daunting price tag of the TitanSDR, which makes it clear that this was a receiver designed for government and commercial use, in particular, for signal intelligence. \u00a0Thus it\u2019s likely no surprise that the basic version of the TitanSDR retails for 1380 EUR, the TitanSDR Pro for an even heftier 1970 EUR.<\/p>\n<p>To be fair, there are not many readers who would consider the TitanSDR Pro, but I thought it worth mentioning as it demonstrates a clear case of hardware becoming an innovation\u2019s primary focus.<\/p>\n<p>Enablia\u2019s website is quite basic, so I would recommend you <a href=\"http:\/\/www.enablia.com\/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">contact them directly to ask for a price quote<\/a> if you\u2019re interested in one of their TitanSDRs.<\/p>\n<h2>Other SDRs<\/h2>\n<p>The SDRs above represent merely a small slice of SDR market availability. There are several other notable manufacturers and SDRs worth considering, thus worth noting.<\/p>\n<div id=\"attachment_34714\" style=\"width: 675px\" class=\"wp-caption aligncenter\"><a href=\"https:\/\/swling.com\/blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/2018\/11\/Bonito-SDR.jpg\"><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" aria-describedby=\"caption-attachment-34714\" class=\"wp-image-34714 size-full\" src=\"https:\/\/swling.com\/blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/2018\/11\/Bonito-SDR.jpg\" alt=\"\" width=\"665\" height=\"443\" srcset=\"https:\/\/swling.com\/blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/2018\/11\/Bonito-SDR.jpg 665w, https:\/\/swling.com\/blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/2018\/11\/Bonito-SDR-300x200.jpg 300w, https:\/\/swling.com\/blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/2018\/11\/Bonito-SDR-624x416.jpg 624w\" sizes=\"auto, (max-width: 665px) 100vw, 665px\" \/><\/a><p id=\"caption-attachment-34714\" class=\"wp-caption-text\">The Bonito Radiojet 1309 Plus<\/p><\/div>\n<p>Germany-based Bonito manufactures a number of SDRs, antennas and components that are highly regarded among DXers. Bonito&#8217;s &#8220;hybrid&#8221; SDRs pack a lot of performance yet require very little in terms of computer resources.\u00a0 Their latest SDR, the <a href=\"https:\/\/www.bonito.net\/hamradio\/en\/bonito-radiojet-1305-plus\/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\"><strong>Bonito RadioJet 1309 Plus<\/strong><\/a> covers\u00a00.02 MHz to 1600 MHz with a spectrum display that can be widened to 3.2 MHz. I have not personally evaluated the RadioJet 1309 Plus, but I did review an early version of the RadioJet (the 1102S) that lacked the\u00a0additional IQ-receiver of the 1309. I found it an impressively sensitive and selective receiver with excellent audio characteristics. <a href=\"https:\/\/swling.com\/blog\/2012\/07\/a-review-of-the-bonito-1102s-radiojet-24-bit-if-receiver\/\">Click here to read that review.<\/a><\/p>\n<div id=\"attachment_15963\" style=\"width: 810px\" class=\"wp-caption aligncenter\"><a href=\"https:\/\/swling.com\/blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/2015\/12\/CloudIQ-front.jpg\"><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" aria-describedby=\"caption-attachment-15963\" class=\"size-full wp-image-15963\" src=\"https:\/\/swling.com\/blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/2015\/12\/CloudIQ-front.jpg\" alt=\"\" width=\"800\" height=\"304\" srcset=\"https:\/\/swling.com\/blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/2015\/12\/CloudIQ-front.jpg 800w, https:\/\/swling.com\/blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/2015\/12\/CloudIQ-front-300x114.jpg 300w\" sizes=\"auto, (max-width: 800px) 100vw, 800px\" \/><\/a><p id=\"caption-attachment-15963\" class=\"wp-caption-text\">The RFspace Cloud-IQ<\/p><\/div>\n<p><a href=\"http:\/\/www.rfspace.com\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\"><b>RF Space<\/b><\/a> has been manufacturing SDRs longer than many other manufacturers, and the company offers a number of products, including the <b>SDR-IQ<\/b>, the <b>NetSDR+<\/b>, the <b><a href=\"http:\/\/www.rfspace.com\/RFSPACE\/CloudIQ.html\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">Cloud-IQ<\/a>, <\/b>and\u2013\u2013soon to come\u2013\u2013the<a href=\"http:\/\/www.rfspace.com\/RFSPACE\/CloudSDR.html\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\"><b> CloudSDR<\/b><\/a>.<\/p>\n<p>In <a href=\"https:\/\/swling.com\/blog\/2018\/10\/sdr-primer-part-2-exploring-the-world-of-sdrs-for-200-or-less\/\">Part 2<\/a> of our primer, we mentioned the AirSpy HF+ which packs impressive HF performance. <strong><a href=\"https:\/\/airspy.com\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">Airspy<\/a> <\/strong>also manufactures the <a href=\"https:\/\/airspy.com\/airspy-r2\/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\"><strong>Airspy R2<\/strong><\/a> and <a href=\"https:\/\/airspy.com\/spyverter-r2\/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\"><strong>Spyverter R2<\/strong><\/a>&#8211;this <a href=\"https:\/\/v3.airspy.us\/product\/a-airspy-combo\/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">$218 US<\/a> combination produces a compact SDR package with excellent dynamic range and superb frequency stability.<\/p>\n<p><a href=\"https:\/\/swling.com\/blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/2015\/10\/MicrotelecomPerseus-1.jpg\"><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" class=\"aligncenter size-full wp-image-15319\" src=\"https:\/\/swling.com\/blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/2015\/10\/MicrotelecomPerseus-1.jpg\" alt=\"\" width=\"792\" height=\"506\" srcset=\"https:\/\/swling.com\/blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/2015\/10\/MicrotelecomPerseus-1.jpg 792w, https:\/\/swling.com\/blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/2015\/10\/MicrotelecomPerseus-1-300x192.jpg 300w\" sizes=\"auto, (max-width: 792px) 100vw, 792px\" \/><\/a><\/p>\n<p>I\u2019m also fond of the classic <a href=\"http:\/\/microtelecom.it\/perseus\/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\"><b>Microtelecom Perseus<\/b><\/a> SDR, which I\u2019ve seen sold used for approximately $700 US. <a href=\"https:\/\/www.winradio.com\/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\"><b>WinRadio<\/b><\/a>, too, offers higher-end SDRs with a wider frequency range and working bandwidth than the Excalibur\u2013\u2013so if your budget allows, you might consider these.<\/p>\n<p>Regardless, keep in mind that if you want to use your monetary resources efficiently, there is no need to splurge for higher-end SDRs unless<i> your <\/i>use and application demands increased performance. Before you pull the trigger to buy such a rig, I would simply take into consideration the unit\u2019s frequency range, working bandwidth, and performance characteristics, as well as taking the time to read plenty of user reviews. This increases the odds that you\u2019ll get just what you want.<\/p>\n<h2>SDR Transceivers<\/h2>\n<p>So far, I\u2019ve only mentioned SDR <i>receivers <\/i>in this primer, but there is a healthy selection of \u201cblack box\u201d type SDR <i>transceivers<\/i> on the market, as well. By \u201cblack box,\u201d I mean the transceiver itself (all of the hardware) housed in a box\u2013\u2013with, of course, the relevant ports for antennas, data, power, mics, CW keys, and a number of peripherals. These SDRs almost always require a computer for operation, although lately manufacturers are beginning to offer optional touch-screen front panels which can bypass the need for external computer operation.<\/p>\n<p>Unlike the world of tabletop radios, where it might be less expensive to invest in a general coverage transceiver rather than a dedicated receiver, SDR transceivers almost always cost more than an equivalent SDR receiver.<\/p>\n<p>Also note that SDR transceiver applications do not always include audio and spectrum recording functions. \u00a0In addition, their working bandwidth might be more narrow that other receive-only SDRs, although they may offer more virtual receivers and spectrum \u201cslices.\u201d<\/p>\n<p>Finally, SDR transceiver applications tend to be proprietary; when you purchase the transceiver, you\u2019re also likely receiving the only SDR application that will interface with it. Hypothetically, if you purchase an SDR transceiver and the company that produced it goes under, you might have issues when the application is no longer updated with operating system upgrades and iterations. \u00a0The lesson here is that I believe you should try to stick with the healthiest companies and those with solid, large user bases. This increases the likelihood that the application will be supported in the future.<\/p>\n<h2>Low-cost, low power SDRs for the experimenter<\/h2>\n<p>We\u2019ll start with the least expensive SDR transceivers designed with the experimenter in mind, that can, with a little adaptation, also be employed by ham radio operators as very low-power transceivers.<\/p>\n<p><a href=\"https:\/\/swling.com\/blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/2018\/11\/hackrf-one-ant500-e1541082373305.jpg\"><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" class=\"aligncenter size-large wp-image-34677\" src=\"https:\/\/swling.com\/blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/2018\/11\/hackrf-one-ant500-1024x642.jpg\" alt=\"\" width=\"625\" height=\"392\" \/><\/a><\/p>\n<p>The <b>HackRF One<\/b> ($299) <a href=\"https:\/\/greatscottgadgets.com\/hackrf\/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">by Great Scott Gadgets<\/a>\u00a0is an excellent SDR. It has an incredibly wide frequency range (1 MHz to 6 GHz), and can transmit anywhere from 3 mW to 30 mW depending on the frequency. That\u2019s flea power, true, but if your goal is to experiment in your local surroundings, it\u2019s typically more than enough output. The HackRF is open-source and sports a large user community that have employed it in dozens of applications. The HackRF was one of the first SDRs to really give experimenters a full tool set to manipulate the world of wireless.<\/p>\n<p>Check out the HackRF One via:<\/p>\n<ul>\n<li><a href=\"https:\/\/greatscottgadgets.com\/hackrf\/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">Great Scott Gadgets<\/a><\/li>\n<li><a href=\"https:\/\/amzn.to\/2yTXFip\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">Amazon<\/a> (affiliate link)<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<div id=\"attachment_18587\" style=\"width: 680px\" class=\"wp-caption aligncenter\"><a href=\"https:\/\/swling.com\/blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/2016\/04\/limesdr-8_jpg_project-body-e1461883908264.jpg\"><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" aria-describedby=\"caption-attachment-18587\" class=\"wp-image-18587 size-full\" src=\"https:\/\/swling.com\/blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/2016\/04\/limesdr-8_jpg_project-body-e1461883908264.jpg\" alt=\"\" width=\"670\" height=\"353\" srcset=\"https:\/\/swling.com\/blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/2016\/04\/limesdr-8_jpg_project-body-e1461883908264.jpg 670w, https:\/\/swling.com\/blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/2016\/04\/limesdr-8_jpg_project-body-e1461883908264-300x158.jpg 300w, https:\/\/swling.com\/blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/2016\/04\/limesdr-8_jpg_project-body-e1461883908264-500x263.jpg 500w\" sizes=\"auto, (max-width: 670px) 100vw, 670px\" \/><\/a><p id=\"caption-attachment-18587\" class=\"wp-caption-text\">The LimeSDR board<\/p><\/div>\n<p>The <a href=\"https:\/\/myriadrf.org\/projects\/limesdr\/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\"><b>LimeSDR<\/b><\/a> ($299) is another crowd-funded project\u00a0that has been incredibly popular. \u00a0Like the HackRF, it is a low-cost, open-source SDR platform that can be used to support just about any type of wireless communication standard. What makes the LimeSDR unique is that it is integrated with a Snappy Ubuntu Core, which means users can simply install applications from an app store to increase functionality. As LimeSDR states, their platform \u201cgives students, inventors, and developers an intelligent and flexible device for manipulating wireless signals, so they can learn, experiment, and develop with freedom from limited functionality and expensive proprietary devices.<\/p>\n<p>Again, only consider the HackRF of LimeSDR if your main goal is to experiment with the world of wireless. If you\u2019re looking for a full-featured SDR transceiver intended for ham radio, read on.<\/p>\n<h2>Ham Radio SDR Transceivers<\/h2>\n<div id=\"attachment_32332\" style=\"width: 810px\" class=\"wp-caption aligncenter\"><a href=\"https:\/\/swling.com\/blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/2018\/05\/2018-Hamvention-Photos-Sunday-19-of-83.jpg\"><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" aria-describedby=\"caption-attachment-32332\" class=\"size-full wp-image-32332\" src=\"https:\/\/swling.com\/blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/2018\/05\/2018-Hamvention-Photos-Sunday-19-of-83.jpg\" alt=\"\" width=\"800\" height=\"530\" srcset=\"https:\/\/swling.com\/blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/2018\/05\/2018-Hamvention-Photos-Sunday-19-of-83.jpg 800w, https:\/\/swling.com\/blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/2018\/05\/2018-Hamvention-Photos-Sunday-19-of-83-300x199.jpg 300w, https:\/\/swling.com\/blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/2018\/05\/2018-Hamvention-Photos-Sunday-19-of-83-768x509.jpg 768w, https:\/\/swling.com\/blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/2018\/05\/2018-Hamvention-Photos-Sunday-19-of-83-624x413.jpg 624w\" sizes=\"auto, (max-width: 800px) 100vw, 800px\" \/><\/a><p id=\"caption-attachment-32332\" class=\"wp-caption-text\">The Flex Radio booth at the 2018 Hamvention.<\/p><\/div>\n<p>Without a doubt, the dominant name in the world of US ham radio transceivers is Texas-based <a href=\"http:\/\/www.flexradio.com\/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\"><b>Flex Radio<\/b><\/a>. \u00a0Flex has been around since the very earliest days of SDR transceivers and has produced a wide variety of high-performance rigs. In recent years, their product development and production has focused on higher-end transceivers with the discerning DXer and contester in mind. Their signature series SDRs pack incredible performance, yet can be operated from modest PCs since most of the processing horsepower and hardware are all within the radio chassis. Flex has also developed a fully wireless touch-screen Maestro Control Console that can be used over a local network, or even the Internet, to seamlessly control a remotely-connected Flex SDR. Flex Radio SDRs can cost anywhere from $2,000 &#8211; $7,500 US.<\/p>\n<div id=\"attachment_34679\" style=\"width: 310px\" class=\"wp-caption alignright\"><a href=\"https:\/\/swling.com\/blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/2018\/11\/Flex-6600.jpeg\"><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" aria-describedby=\"caption-attachment-34679\" class=\"wp-image-34679 size-medium\" src=\"https:\/\/swling.com\/blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/2018\/11\/Flex-6600-300x163.jpeg\" alt=\"\" width=\"300\" height=\"163\" srcset=\"https:\/\/swling.com\/blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/2018\/11\/Flex-6600-300x163.jpeg 300w, https:\/\/swling.com\/blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/2018\/11\/Flex-6600.jpeg 490w\" sizes=\"auto, (max-width: 300px) 100vw, 300px\" \/><\/a><p id=\"caption-attachment-34679\" class=\"wp-caption-text\">The Flex-6600<\/p><\/div>\n<p><a href=\"https:\/\/swling.com\/blog\/tag\/gary-wise-w4eey\/\">Gary Wise (W4EEY)<\/a>, my go-to guy for all things Flex Radio, also notes:<\/p>\n<blockquote><p>\u201cOne of Flex\u2019s newest models, the <strong>Flex-6600<\/strong>, includes 7th Order Contest Band Bandpass Filters and dual Analog to Digital Converters. Which means that, using this radio, one can listen on one band while transmitting on another. Contesters call this \u2018Single Operator Two Radio\u2019 operation, and if you can do it successfully, it leads to big contest scores. Having this functionality in one box, without additional controllers and interfaces, is remarkable.\u201d<\/p><\/blockquote>\n<p>Indeed.<\/p>\n<p><a href=\"https:\/\/swling.com\/blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/2018\/11\/Apache-Labs-Transceiver.jpeg\"><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" class=\"aligncenter size-full wp-image-34681\" src=\"https:\/\/swling.com\/blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/2018\/11\/Apache-Labs-Transceiver.jpeg\" alt=\"\" width=\"798\" height=\"361\" srcset=\"https:\/\/swling.com\/blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/2018\/11\/Apache-Labs-Transceiver.jpeg 798w, https:\/\/swling.com\/blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/2018\/11\/Apache-Labs-Transceiver-300x136.jpeg 300w, https:\/\/swling.com\/blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/2018\/11\/Apache-Labs-Transceiver-768x347.jpeg 768w, https:\/\/swling.com\/blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/2018\/11\/Apache-Labs-Transceiver-624x282.jpeg 624w\" sizes=\"auto, (max-width: 798px) 100vw, 798px\" \/><\/a><\/p>\n<p>Two other SDR transceiver manufacturers with large user bases are the Sweden-based <a href=\"https:\/\/sunsdr.eu\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\"><b>SunSDR<\/b><\/a>\u00a0and India-based <a href=\"https:\/\/apache-labs.com\/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\"><b>Apache Labs<\/b><\/a>. Both companies produce high-performance SDRs and, like Flex, set benchmarks in terms of transceiver performance. I will not comment at length about either company because I\u2019ve not had the opportunity of personally testing their products, but I encourage you to search online reviews about their products.<\/p>\n<h2>Tabletop SDR transceivers<\/h2>\n<div id=\"attachment_9904\" style=\"width: 490px\" class=\"wp-caption aligncenter\"><a href=\"https:\/\/swling.com\/blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/2014\/06\/Elad-FDM-DUO-Hamvention.jpg\"><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" aria-describedby=\"caption-attachment-9904\" class=\"size-full wp-image-9904\" src=\"https:\/\/swling.com\/blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/2014\/06\/Elad-FDM-DUO-Hamvention.jpg\" alt=\"\" width=\"480\" height=\"543\" srcset=\"https:\/\/swling.com\/blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/2014\/06\/Elad-FDM-DUO-Hamvention.jpg 480w, https:\/\/swling.com\/blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/2014\/06\/Elad-FDM-DUO-Hamvention-265x300.jpg 265w, https:\/\/swling.com\/blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/2014\/06\/Elad-FDM-DUO-Hamvention-88x100.jpg 88w\" sizes=\"auto, (max-width: 480px) 100vw, 480px\" \/><\/a><p id=\"caption-attachment-9904\" class=\"wp-caption-text\">The Elad FDM-DUO transceiver is both a stand-alone tabletop and fully-functioning SDR when paired with a PC.<\/p><\/div>\n<p>There are a number of full-featured tabletop SDR transceivers on the market. One of the first SDR manufacturers to build a <i>fully<\/i> self-contained tabletop model with PC integration was <a href=\"http:\/\/ecom.eladit.com\/FDM-DUO-1\/en\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\"><b>ELAD,<\/b> with their <b>FDM-DUO<\/b> QRP transceiver<\/a>. Tabletop SDRs at the time of the FDM-DUO\u2019s release were very limited in their functionality when connected to a PC. Some of them had stripped-down applications and lacked features like spectrum recording and multiple virtual receivers. The FDM-DUO, when connected to a PC running ELAD\u2019s software, gives the user <i>full<\/i> control of the SDR. \u00a0Indeed, the experience is identical to that of using the FDM-S2 mentioned above, however the DUO is also a transceiver. Since the DUO\u2019s release, other SDR manufacturers have designed models with full SDR application integration.<\/p>\n<div id=\"attachment_32329\" style=\"width: 810px\" class=\"wp-caption aligncenter\"><a href=\"https:\/\/swling.com\/blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/2018\/05\/2018-Hamvention-Photos-Sunday-16-of-83.jpg\"><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" aria-describedby=\"caption-attachment-32329\" class=\"size-full wp-image-32329\" src=\"https:\/\/swling.com\/blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/2018\/05\/2018-Hamvention-Photos-Sunday-16-of-83.jpg\" alt=\"\" width=\"800\" height=\"530\" srcset=\"https:\/\/swling.com\/blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/2018\/05\/2018-Hamvention-Photos-Sunday-16-of-83.jpg 800w, https:\/\/swling.com\/blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/2018\/05\/2018-Hamvention-Photos-Sunday-16-of-83-300x199.jpg 300w, https:\/\/swling.com\/blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/2018\/05\/2018-Hamvention-Photos-Sunday-16-of-83-768x509.jpg 768w, https:\/\/swling.com\/blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/2018\/05\/2018-Hamvention-Photos-Sunday-16-of-83-624x413.jpg 624w\" sizes=\"auto, (max-width: 800px) 100vw, 800px\" \/><\/a><p id=\"caption-attachment-32329\" class=\"wp-caption-text\">The Flex 6600M is a handsome standalone SDR transceiver.<\/p><\/div>\n<p>Recently, <a href=\"http:\/\/www.flexradio.com\/amateur-products\/flex-6000-signature-series\/flex-6400\/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\"><b>Flex Radio<\/b> introduced their Flex <b>\u201cM\u201d Signature Series SDR Transceiver<\/b><\/a>. These tabletop SDRs can be configured with most of the SDR receivers Flex currently produces. Their displays are impressive and useful; indeed, the spectrum waterfall resolution and size is one of the best I\u2019ve seen on a tabletop transceiver. \u00a0The front panel is large and sports a number of controls, the design harkening back to large contest-grade transceivers like the Ten-Tec OMNI VII and Orion series.<\/p>\n<div id=\"attachment_32393\" style=\"width: 810px\" class=\"wp-caption aligncenter\"><a href=\"https:\/\/swling.com\/blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/2018\/05\/2018-Hamvention-Photos-Sunday-80-of-83.jpg\"><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" aria-describedby=\"caption-attachment-32393\" class=\"size-full wp-image-32393\" src=\"https:\/\/swling.com\/blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/2018\/05\/2018-Hamvention-Photos-Sunday-80-of-83.jpg\" alt=\"\" width=\"800\" height=\"530\" srcset=\"https:\/\/swling.com\/blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/2018\/05\/2018-Hamvention-Photos-Sunday-80-of-83.jpg 800w, https:\/\/swling.com\/blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/2018\/05\/2018-Hamvention-Photos-Sunday-80-of-83-300x199.jpg 300w, https:\/\/swling.com\/blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/2018\/05\/2018-Hamvention-Photos-Sunday-80-of-83-768x509.jpg 768w, https:\/\/swling.com\/blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/2018\/05\/2018-Hamvention-Photos-Sunday-80-of-83-624x413.jpg 624w\" sizes=\"auto, (max-width: 800px) 100vw, 800px\" \/><\/a><p id=\"caption-attachment-32393\" class=\"wp-caption-text\">The SunSDR MB1 at the 2018 Hamvention.<\/p><\/div>\n<p>This year at the Hamvention in Xenia, OH, I had a chance to check out the <a href=\"https:\/\/sunsdr.eu\/product\/mb1\/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\"><b>SunSDR MB1<\/b><\/a>. Like the Flex M series, the MB1 sports a comprehensive front panel and an amazing assortment of connections on the back panel. As I took a tour of this radio\u2013\u2013and it really did require a tour, it\u2019s so densely feature-packed\u2013\u2013I was most impressed by the thought that went into this stand-alone SDR transceiver. I love the front panel display, graphics, and overall ergonomics. I understand it will also deliver benchmark performance; indeed with prices starting at a steep $7,000 US, I would expect nothing less!<\/p>\n<h2>SDR transceiver summary<\/h2>\n<p>As we\u2019ve pointed out in this part of our primer, pure SDR transceivers are a product for radio operators willing to invest more financially in order to take advantage of the advanced functionality and performance a true SDR can provide. At present there are surprisingly few players in the pure SDR transceiver market; this is a product category ripe for expansion. And as more manufacturers get into the game, I believe competition will direct prices into even more affordable territory.<\/p>\n<h2>Transceivers <i>based upon<\/i> SDR technology<\/h2>\n<p>The final category we\u2019ll discuss is transceivers <i>based upon <\/i>SDR technology. \u00a0It\u2019s a sign of the times, indicating the direction that all enthusiast-grade transceivers and receivers are likely heading.<\/p>\n<div id=\"attachment_18775\" style=\"width: 810px\" class=\"wp-caption aligncenter\"><a href=\"https:\/\/swling.com\/blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/2016\/05\/Icom-IC-7300-Front.jpg\"><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" aria-describedby=\"caption-attachment-18775\" class=\"size-full wp-image-18775\" src=\"https:\/\/swling.com\/blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/2016\/05\/Icom-IC-7300-Front.jpg\" alt=\"\" width=\"800\" height=\"420\" srcset=\"https:\/\/swling.com\/blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/2016\/05\/Icom-IC-7300-Front.jpg 800w, https:\/\/swling.com\/blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/2016\/05\/Icom-IC-7300-Front-300x158.jpg 300w, https:\/\/swling.com\/blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/2016\/05\/Icom-IC-7300-Front-768x403.jpg 768w, https:\/\/swling.com\/blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/2016\/05\/Icom-IC-7300-Front-500x263.jpg 500w\" sizes=\"auto, (max-width: 800px) 100vw, 800px\" \/><\/a><p id=\"caption-attachment-18775\" class=\"wp-caption-text\">The Icom IC-7300 transceiver<\/p><\/div>\n<p>Because the fact is, whether or not you feel inclined to embrace SDRs in your radio world, you may be surprised that you already have: for many years now, radio manufacturers have built their transceivers and receivers on SDR and I\/Q quadrature down-sampling technology. All of the transceivers introduced in the past few years that sport on-board spectrum displays\u2013\u2013like the <a href=\"http:\/\/www.icomamerica.com\/en\/products\/amateur\/hf\/7300\/default.aspx\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\"><b>Icom-IC7300<\/b><\/a>, <a href=\"http:\/\/www.icomamerica.com\/en\/products\/amateur\/hf\/7610\/default.aspx\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\"><b>Icom IC-7610<\/b><\/a>, and the new\u00a0<a href=\"https:\/\/www.universal-radio.com\/catalog\/hamhf\/1101.html\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\"><b>Yaesu FT-DX101D<\/b><\/a>\u2013\u2013are, of course, based on SDR technology.<\/p>\n<p><a href=\"https:\/\/swling.com\/blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/2014\/06\/Elecraft-KX3.jpg\"><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" class=\"aligncenter size-full wp-image-9822\" src=\"https:\/\/swling.com\/blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/2014\/06\/Elecraft-KX3.jpg\" alt=\"\" width=\"650\" height=\"508\" srcset=\"https:\/\/swling.com\/blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/2014\/06\/Elecraft-KX3.jpg 650w, https:\/\/swling.com\/blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/2014\/06\/Elecraft-KX3-300x234.jpg 300w, https:\/\/swling.com\/blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/2014\/06\/Elecraft-KX3-100x78.jpg 100w\" sizes=\"auto, (max-width: 650px) 100vw, 650px\" \/><\/a><\/p>\n<p>Many others, like the <a href=\"https:\/\/elecraft.com\/collections\/kx-line\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\"><b>Elecraft KX3 and KX2<\/b><\/a>, which look much more like a traditional radio, are also based on SDR architecture. Indeed, almost all of the major manufacturers implement SDR technology in their current product lines. Manufacturers have caught on, learning how to leverage SDR technology in a way that maximizes receiver performance while keeping the overall price more affordable than comparably-performing legacy radios of former days.<\/p>\n<p>Yet while these radios are SDRs at their core, they often are limited in their functionality when connected to a PC; most can be completely controlled by a PC and many can even export their I\/Q data, but usually they won\u2019t offer the working bandwidth and the advanced functionality of a true SDR transceiver.<\/p>\n<h2>Conclusion<\/h2>\n<p><a href=\"https:\/\/swling.com\/blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/2018\/05\/SDRplay-RSPduo-USB-port.jpg\"><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" class=\"aligncenter size-large wp-image-32062\" src=\"https:\/\/swling.com\/blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/2018\/05\/SDRplay-RSPduo-USB-port-1024x635.jpg\" alt=\"\" width=\"625\" height=\"388\" srcset=\"https:\/\/swling.com\/blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/2018\/05\/SDRplay-RSPduo-USB-port-1024x635.jpg 1024w, https:\/\/swling.com\/blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/2018\/05\/SDRplay-RSPduo-USB-port-300x186.jpg 300w, https:\/\/swling.com\/blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/2018\/05\/SDRplay-RSPduo-USB-port-768x476.jpg 768w, https:\/\/swling.com\/blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/2018\/05\/SDRplay-RSPduo-USB-port-624x387.jpg 624w, https:\/\/swling.com\/blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/2018\/05\/SDRplay-RSPduo-USB-port.jpg 1268w\" sizes=\"auto, (max-width: 625px) 100vw, 625px\" \/><\/a><\/p>\n<p>If I\u2019ve piqued your curiosity about the world of SDRs, and have yet to add one to your shack, I would encourage you to invest in an SDR receiver\u2013\u2013at the very least, in one of the affordable rigs mentioned <a href=\"https:\/\/swling.com\/blog\/2018\/10\/sdr-primer-part-2-exploring-the-world-of-sdrs-for-200-or-less\/\">in Part 2 of this series<\/a>.<\/p>\n<p>Speaking for myself, I was once a \u201cknobs and buttons\u201d radio operator who thought I\u2019d <i>never <\/i>want to control a radio through a computer and monitor. But when I hesitantly invested in my first SDR, I found it eye-opening\u2013\u2013not to mention somewhat democratizing, in that it sets all radio listeners on the same level, as the spectrum becomes visually understandable, and thus accessible, to all who encounter it. I found that if you love to <i>listen<\/i>, also being able to <i>look <\/i>at your audio, especially when editing or archiving, but any time you\u2019re tuning around through the spectrum, \u00a0just clarifies and enhances your overall radio experience. I soon became hooked&#8230;and have never looked back.<\/p>\n<p>Now, I can assure you, I\u2019ll never again be without an SDR. The ability to visualize our radio spectrum via SDR\u2019s virtual window is truly illuminative. \u00a0What\u2019s more, I\u2019d even venture to speculate that you may share in finding the experience, if you\u2019ll forgive the colloquialism,<i> pretty darn cool.<\/i><\/p>\n<p style=\"text-align: center;\"><span style=\"color: #339966;\"><strong><em>Do you enjoy the SWLing Post?<\/em><\/strong><\/span><\/p>\n<p style=\"text-align: center;\"><strong><em>Please consider supporting us via\u00a0<a href=\"https:\/\/www.patreon.com\/bePatron?u=7466002&amp;redirect_uri=https%3A%2F%2Fswling.com%2Fblog%2F&amp;utm_medium=widget\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\" data-saferedirecturl=\"https:\/\/www.google.com\/url?q=https:\/\/www.patreon.com\/bePatron?u%3D7466002%26redirect_uri%3Dhttps%253A%252F%252Fswling.com%252Fblog%252F%26utm_medium%3Dwidget&amp;source=gmail&amp;ust=1534765144986000&amp;usg=AFQjCNEe7C7aRTKqwuFkU5YIo8XEqPqthw\"><span class=\"il\">Patreon<\/span><\/a>\u00a0or our\u00a0<a href=\"https:\/\/www.paypal.com\/cgi-bin\/webscr?cmd=_s-xclick&amp;hosted_button_id=TGGFP2XVZDPP2\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\" data-saferedirecturl=\"https:\/\/www.google.com\/url?q=https:\/\/www.paypal.com\/cgi-bin\/webscr?cmd%3D_s-xclick%26hosted_button_id%3DTGGFP2XVZDPP2&amp;source=gmail&amp;ust=1534765144986000&amp;usg=AFQjCNH45maBgVLGpqLmQQvviVKBNMEGUw\"><span class=\"il\">Coffee<\/span>\u00a0<span class=\"il\">Fund<\/span><\/a>! <\/em><\/strong><\/p>\n<p style=\"text-align: center;\"><em>Your support makes articles like this one possible. Thank you!<\/em><\/p>\n<p><a href=\"https:\/\/www.patreon.com\/bePatron?u=7466002&amp;redirect_uri=https%3A%2F%2Fswling.com%2Fblog%2F&amp;utm_medium=widget\"><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" class=\"aligncenter wp-image-33932 size-full\" src=\"https:\/\/swling.com\/blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/2018\/09\/become_a_patreon-patron_button@2x.png\" alt=\"\" width=\"434\" height=\"102\" srcset=\"https:\/\/swling.com\/blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/2018\/09\/become_a_patreon-patron_button@2x.png 434w, https:\/\/swling.com\/blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/2018\/09\/become_a_patreon-patron_button@2x-300x71.png 300w\" sizes=\"auto, (max-width: 434px) 100vw, 434px\" \/><\/a><\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"<p>The following article originally appeared\u00a0in the\u00a0October 2018 issue of The Spectrum Monitor magazine: Welcome back to the world of SDRs once again In September we began of our three-part Primer on Software-Defined Radios (SDRs). Part One\u00a0(September)\u00a0focused on the nomenclature and components of a functioning SDR system; Part Two (October) took a look at some affordable [&hellip;]<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":15,"featured_media":0,"comment_status":"open","ping_status":"open","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"jetpack_post_was_ever_published":false,"_jetpack_newsletter_access":"","_jetpack_dont_email_post_to_subs":false,"_jetpack_newsletter_tier_id":0,"_jetpack_memberships_contains_paywalled_content":false,"_jetpack_memberships_contains_paid_content":false,"footnotes":"","jetpack_publicize_message":"","jetpack_publicize_feature_enabled":true,"jetpack_social_post_already_shared":true,"jetpack_social_options":{"image_generator_settings":{"template":"highway","default_image_id":0,"font":"","enabled":false},"version":2}},"categories":[373,3781,433,836,3,26,43,154,158],"tags":[3724,7403,7404,7408,666,7401,968,2455,4473,3010,5981,5083,2547,3587,4978,7406,7407,7409,7405,2067,2068,4158,6063,4741,4867,5026,1379,837,355,4475,7402,7265,3711,7043,6964,7410,3586,1395,1897,7413],"class_list":["post-34675","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","hentry","category-am","category-fm","category-mediumwave","category-new-products","category-news","category-radios","category-shortwave-radio","category-shortwave-radio-reviews","category-software-defined-radio","tag-airspy","tag-airspy-r2","tag-airspy-spyverter-r2","tag-apache-labs","tag-bonito","tag-bonito-radiojet-1309-plus","tag-elad","tag-elad-fdm-duo","tag-elad-fdm-duor","tag-elad-fdm-s2","tag-elad-fdm-s3","tag-elecraft-kx2","tag-elecraft-kx3","tag-enablia-titansdr","tag-excalibur","tag-flex-radio","tag-flex-6600","tag-flex-6600m","tag-great-scott-gadgets","tag-hackrf","tag-hackrf-sdr","tag-icom-ic-7300","tag-icom-ic-7610","tag-kiwisdr","tag-kiwisdr-for-beaglebone","tag-limesdr","tag-microtelecom","tag-microtelecom-perseus","tag-rfspace","tag-rfspace-cloud-iq","tag-rfspace-cloudsdr","tag-sdr-primer","tag-sdrplay","tag-sdrplay-rspduo","tag-sunsdr","tag-sunsdr-mb1","tag-titansdr","tag-winradio-excalibur","tag-winradio-wr-g31ddc-excalibur","tag-yaesu-ft-dx101d"],"jetpack_publicize_connections":[],"jetpack_featured_media_url":"","jetpack_shortlink":"https:\/\/wp.me\/pn3uc-91h","jetpack-related-posts":[{"id":15953,"url":"https:\/\/swling.com\/blog\/2015\/12\/the-swling-post-2015-2016-shortwave-radio-buyers-guide\/","url_meta":{"origin":34675,"position":0},"title":"The SWLing Post 2015-2016 Shortwave Radio Buyer\u2019s Guide","author":"Thomas","date":"December 2, 2015","format":false,"excerpt":"This article originally appeared in the November 2015 issue of The Spectrum Monitor magazine: Despite the often-expressed view that shortwave may be on the decline, if one were to look at this year\u2019s shortwave technology alone, the truth would seem to be anything but. Remarkably, 2015 has been a great\u2026","rel":"","context":"In &quot;AM&quot;","block_context":{"text":"AM","link":"https:\/\/swling.com\/blog\/category\/am\/"},"img":{"alt_text":"FourRadiosAbstract2","src":"https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/swling.com\/blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/2014\/07\/FourRadiosAbstract2.jpg?resize=350%2C200","width":350,"height":200,"srcset":"https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/swling.com\/blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/2014\/07\/FourRadiosAbstract2.jpg?resize=350%2C200 1x, https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/swling.com\/blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/2014\/07\/FourRadiosAbstract2.jpg?resize=525%2C300 1.5x"},"classes":[]},{"id":29434,"url":"https:\/\/swling.com\/blog\/2017\/12\/the-airspy-hf-sdr-first-impressions\/","url_meta":{"origin":34675,"position":1},"title":"The Airspy HF+ SDR: First impressions","author":"Thomas","date":"December 3, 2017","format":false,"excerpt":"Yesterday, I received a package in the mail containing the new Airspy HF+\u00a0software defined radio receiver. It came as a bit of a surprise. I've been busy lately with humanitarian work, the radio spectrum archive,\u00a0 product evaluations and travels--not to mention an active family life. I had completely forgotten that\u2026","rel":"","context":"In &quot;Ham Radio&quot;","block_context":{"text":"Ham Radio","link":"https:\/\/swling.com\/blog\/category\/ham-radio\/"},"img":{"alt_text":"","src":"https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/swling.com\/blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/2017\/12\/Airspy-HF-Plus-SDR.jpg?resize=350%2C200&ssl=1","width":350,"height":200,"srcset":"https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/swling.com\/blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/2017\/12\/Airspy-HF-Plus-SDR.jpg?resize=350%2C200&ssl=1 1x, https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/swling.com\/blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/2017\/12\/Airspy-HF-Plus-SDR.jpg?resize=525%2C300&ssl=1 1.5x, https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/swling.com\/blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/2017\/12\/Airspy-HF-Plus-SDR.jpg?resize=700%2C400&ssl=1 2x"},"classes":[]},{"id":11585,"url":"https:\/\/swling.com\/blog\/2014\/12\/a-review-of-the-elad-fdm-s2-software-defined-receiver\/","url_meta":{"origin":34675,"position":2},"title":"A review of the Elad FDM-S2 software defined receiver","author":"Thomas","date":"December 2, 2014","format":false,"excerpt":"The following review originally appeared in the November 2014 issue of The Spectrum Monitor magazine. At the Dayton Hamvention this year, I made it a special point to check out the Italian radio manufacturer, Elad. Although I\u2019ve known about Elad and their products for some time, and often found them\u2026","rel":"","context":"In &quot;DRM&quot;","block_context":{"text":"DRM","link":"https:\/\/swling.com\/blog\/category\/drm\/"},"img":{"alt_text":"FDM-S2-Front","src":"https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/swling.com\/blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/2014\/06\/FDM-S2-Front.jpg?resize=350%2C200","width":350,"height":200,"srcset":"https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/swling.com\/blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/2014\/06\/FDM-S2-Front.jpg?resize=350%2C200 1x, https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/swling.com\/blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/2014\/06\/FDM-S2-Front.jpg?resize=525%2C300 1.5x"},"classes":[]},{"id":41190,"url":"https:\/\/swling.com\/blog\/2019\/12\/mike-compares-the-sdrplay-rspdx-on-mediumwave-and-longwave\/","url_meta":{"origin":34675,"position":3},"title":"Mike compares the SDRplay RSPdx on mediumwave and longwave","author":"Thomas","date":"December 15, 2019","format":false,"excerpt":"Many thanks to SWLing Post contributor, Mike Ladd with\u00a0SDRplay, who shares the following videos comparing the new RSPdx with a number of benchmark SDRs: SDRplay RSPdx and ELAD FDM-S2 weak NDB station https:\/\/youtu.be\/KbHz4sqJmpA SDRplay RSPdx and ELAD FDM-S2 medium wave selectivity https:\/\/youtu.be\/ah5Zu8qgvp8 SDRplay RSPdx and Airspy HF+ Discovery medium wave\u2026","rel":"","context":"In &quot;DX&quot;","block_context":{"text":"DX","link":"https:\/\/swling.com\/blog\/category\/dx\/"},"img":{"alt_text":"","src":"https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/swling.com\/blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/2019\/11\/SDRplay-RSPdx-1-3.jpg?resize=350%2C200&ssl=1","width":350,"height":200,"srcset":"https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/swling.com\/blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/2019\/11\/SDRplay-RSPdx-1-3.jpg?resize=350%2C200&ssl=1 1x, https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/swling.com\/blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/2019\/11\/SDRplay-RSPdx-1-3.jpg?resize=525%2C300&ssl=1 1.5x, https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/swling.com\/blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/2019\/11\/SDRplay-RSPdx-1-3.jpg?resize=700%2C400&ssl=1 2x"},"classes":[]},{"id":39304,"url":"https:\/\/swling.com\/blog\/2019\/08\/airspy-hf-discovery-first-impressions-on-medium-wave-vs-elad-fdm-duor\/","url_meta":{"origin":34675,"position":4},"title":"AirSpy HF+ Discovery: First Impressions on Medium Wave vs. Elad FDM-DUOr","author":"Guy Atkins","date":"August 25, 2019","format":false,"excerpt":"The highly anticipated AirSpy HF+ Discovery SDR has been in the hands of early adopters for about two weeks--and I've seen nothing but positive comments! After a long run (2007-2013) with a Microtelecom Perseus, my SDR of choice became the Elad FDM-S2, and more recently an Elad FDM-DUOr \"hybrid\" SDR\u2026","rel":"","context":"In &quot;AM&quot;","block_context":{"text":"AM","link":"https:\/\/swling.com\/blog\/category\/am\/"},"img":{"alt_text":"","src":"https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/swling.com\/blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/2019\/08\/hfplus_discovery.png?resize=350%2C200&ssl=1","width":350,"height":200},"classes":[]},{"id":33915,"url":"https:\/\/swling.com\/blog\/2018\/09\/software-defined-radio-primer-part-1-introduction-to-sdrs-and-sdr-applications\/","url_meta":{"origin":34675,"position":5},"title":"Software Defined Radio Primer Part 1: Introduction to SDRs and SDR applications","author":"Thomas","date":"September 2, 2018","format":false,"excerpt":"The following article originally appeared\u00a0in the June 2018 issue of The Spectrum Monitor magazine: SDR Primer Part 1: Introduction to SDRs and SDR applications I author a radio blog known as the SWLing Post; as a result, I receive radio-related queries from my readers on a daily basis. \u00a0Among the\u2026","rel":"","context":"In &quot;AM&quot;","block_context":{"text":"AM","link":"https:\/\/swling.com\/blog\/category\/am\/"},"img":{"alt_text":"Photo by Kody Gautier","src":"https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/swling.com\/blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/2018\/09\/Money-Budget.jpg?resize=350%2C200&ssl=1","width":350,"height":200,"srcset":"https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/swling.com\/blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/2018\/09\/Money-Budget.jpg?resize=350%2C200&ssl=1 1x, https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/swling.com\/blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/2018\/09\/Money-Budget.jpg?resize=525%2C300&ssl=1 1.5x, https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/swling.com\/blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/2018\/09\/Money-Budget.jpg?resize=700%2C400&ssl=1 2x"},"classes":[]}],"jetpack_sharing_enabled":true,"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/swling.com\/blog\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/34675","targetHints":{"allow":["GET"]}}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/swling.com\/blog\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/swling.com\/blog\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/types\/post"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/swling.com\/blog\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/users\/15"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/swling.com\/blog\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/comments?post=34675"}],"version-history":[{"count":0,"href":"https:\/\/swling.com\/blog\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/34675\/revisions"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/swling.com\/blog\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media?parent=34675"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/swling.com\/blog\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/categories?post=34675"},{"taxonomy":"post_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/swling.com\/blog\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/tags?post=34675"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}